With regard to the computational modelling of gusty wind transmission line conductor interactions, a refined computational model of the conductor in the surrounding moving air is used to investigate the dynamic interaction between the wind and the conductor motion keyhan et al. In the computational model, wind load time histories are. Finite element modeling of cable galloping vibrations. Free vibration analysis of a single conductor with a stockbridg damper jun 2011. The dumbbellshaped device consists of two masses at the ends of a short length of cable or flexible rod, which is clamped at its middle to the main cable. Wind induced aeolian vibrations of conductors and overhead shield wires ohsw on transmission and distribution lines can produce damage that will negatively impact the reliability or serviceability of these lines. Candidate, western university, canada haitham aboshosha research engineer, the boundary layer wind tunnel laboratory, western university, canada ayman m. Wind induced vibrations of long electrical overhead. On the vibration analysis of power lines with moving. Both ac and dc transmission line conductors have associated line resistance which creates conductor voltage drops with corresponding power losses.
Control of windinduced vibration of transmission towerline. Conductor galloping and a new theory for overhead bundle transmission lines. Wind induced vibrations of long electrical overhead transmission line spans. To provide for greater freedom of motion, the weights may be partially slotted in the. Following is a summary and comparison of aeolian, gallop, and wakeinduced oscillation, reproduced from epri transmission line reference book, windinduced conductor motion, based on epri research project 792. Rawlins cb, hard ar, ikegami r, doocy es 1979 transmission line reference book windinduced conductor motion. Free vibration analysis of a single conductor with a stockbridg damper jul 2011. Large amplitude vibrations of longspan transmission lines. Analyses of the vibration level of an opgw at the catenary. This paper describes results of a fullscale measurements and a time series analysis for the wind induced vibration of a transmission line system. First five natural mode shapes of the transmission line conductor. Wind and environmental effects on overhead high voltage.
Wind induced conductor motion the orange book, and compact line design the blue book designed the vibration control solution for the longest rivercrossing span in the u. Simplified vibration model and analysis of a single. Publication of this new edition is the culmination of three years of research by an international team of experts in the field. Pdf updating the epri transmission line reference book. Developed by an international team of experts, new book presents an updated stateoftheart reference guide to conductor motion. Windinduced coupling vibration effects of highvoltage.
Zoklot2 1electrical power and machines engineering department, zagazig university, egypt 2mechanical power engineering department, zagazig university, egypt abstract. Conductor galloping, based on epri research project 792. Figures and tables should be located at top or bottom of either column. Epri has published a new, updated edition of the longtime industry standard on vibration, epri transmission line reference book. State of the art of conductor galloping a complementary document to transmission line reference book wind induced conductor motion chapter 4. Asceasme journal of risk and uncertainty in engineering systems, part b. Wind induced conductor motion, project 792, palo alto, ca, 2006. In my bussiness we have the ac transmission line reference book 200 kv 3rd edition epri and transmission line reference book 345 kv and above epri 1982 are good. Windinduced coupling vibration effects of highvoltage transmission towerline systems article pdf available in shock and vibration 20174. This paper proposes the utilization of the internal resonance feature of the spring pendulum to reduce the wind induced vibration of a transmission tower. Google scholar foti, f, martinelli, l 2015 finite element modelling of cable galloping vibrations. Updating the epri transmission line reference book.
Distribution substation an overview sciencedirect topics. Nov 22, 2012 piezoelectric energy harvesting has been 1 transmission line reference book, wind induced conductor motion, electric power research institute, 1979. When a freezing rain or snow event occurs, there is snow or ice buildup on the conductor. Design codes, standards, and manuals used in power line. Overhead transmission inspection and assessment guidelines. Windinduced conductor motion, the orange book, which was last issued in 1979. Transmission line conductor cables have its fatigue lives affected by the combined action of fatigue and fretting effects, mainly at restriction points such suspension clamps and dampers. A stockbridge damper is a tuned mass damper used to suppress wind induced vibrations on slender structures such as overhead power lines and long cantilevered signs. Rational damping arrangement design for transmission lines.
Electric power research institute epri epri transmission line reference book wind induced conductor motion. Orange book chapter 4 institute of electrical and electronics engineers, inc. A novel model is developed for a vibrating single conductor transmission line carrying stockbridge dampers. Special attention should be paid to all types of conductor vibrations when designing a power line to keep adverse drawbacks at a minimum. He has published numerous papers in professional journals and was part of the authors team of the epri transmission line reference book. The sweep technique described in this paper represents a new method for measuring the relative performance of different dampers. Ac transmission line reference book 200 kv and above. Claren 1979 cigre international congress on large high voltage electric systems. Statistical methods applied to aeolian vibrations of. He has consulted extensively for electric utilities, engineering consulting firms, and conductor and fitting manufacturers in north america and asia. Following is a summary and comparison of aeolian, gallop, and wakeinduced oscillation, reproduced from epri transmission line reference book, wind induced conductor motion, based on epri. The damper is designed to dissipate the energy of oscillations in the main. The highvoltage power transmission tower line system, which is a high flexible structure, is very susceptible to the wind induced vibrations.
In many cases, this buildup is uniform along the length of the conductor figure 6b. Wecc standard fac501wecc1 transmission maintenance pdf ieee standards association. Preformed line products plp introduced air flow spoilers in the early 1980s as a means to mitigate galloping of conductors. Lines damaged by vibration may have to be derated or even taken out of service until repairs can be made. The time series analysis is based on a quasistatic assumption. Computational analysis of aeolian conductor vibration. Wang is one of the lead authors of two wellknown epri transmission line reference books. Finally the conclusion is summarized about the natural vibration characteristics and wind induced response properties of the nonfully symmetric geiger cable dome. Wind induced conductor motion, an epri transmission line reference book, epri project 792, 1979. The red book extensively updated and expanded including software, epri s flagship reference provides a muchneeded tool to support the costeffective design of safe, reliable, and highperformance transmission. Best practice in transmission and distribution in a changing environment. Reliability for a transmission line is defined as its ability to operate uninterrupted, safe and over a long period in a wide range of meteorological conditions. Mechanism and characteristic of raininduced vibration on.
An analysis of the lightning performance of compact lines. Rawlinsepri transmission line reference book, chapter 4, wind induced conductor motion. A trackborne energy transducer is a smart device for harvesting energy of trains or rail transportation systems. Epri ac transmission line reference book200 kv and. Energy harvesting of trackborne transducers by traininduced. The response of overhead line conductors to vortex shedding under laminar and turbulent flow. Conductor galloping basics preformed line products. Green book underground transmission systems reference book 4. Semiactive control of forced oscillations in power. In this paper, the authors extend this application through introducing two scenarios of energy harvesting from train induced wind.
Olive book hvdc transmission reference book 2010 2. Aeolian vibration basics enml10074 preformed line products. This type of vibration can cause the fatigue fractures of conductors and fatigue failures of spacers, which threaten the safety operation and serviceability of highvoltage transmission line. This site is like a library, you could find million book here by using search box in the header. I would like to know if epri red book 3rd edition is worth having a look at because i have seen that it has a huge price. Natural vibration and windinduced response analysis of the. The use of short spans for control of wind induced phase conductor motion tends. Failure analysis of wirebreaks in aluminum conductor. The wind flow induces aerodynamic forces on a conductor causing hazardous vibrations that impair the reliability and lifetime of a power line. Aluminum electrical conductor handbook, third edition, aluminum association, 1989.
The orange book reworked by an international team of experts, this new edition provides an essential resource for all utilities involved in transmission line design and maintenance. A complementary document to transmission line reference book windinduced conductor motion. Modeling and mechanism of rainwind induced vibration of. It also allows measurement of the relative performance of nonlinear dampers for which it is difficult to derive the analytical expression for their mechanical. Electric power research, institute epri 2008 transmission line reference book. Sensitivity of wind induced dynamic response of a transmission line to variations in wind speed saif haddadin m. Wind induced conductor motion the orange book, and compact line design the blue book. Under the certain rain wind conditions, bundled conductors exhibit a rain wind induced largeamplitude vibration. State of the art of conductor galloping a complementary document to transmission line reference book windinduced conductor motion chapter 4. Lead author of two epri transmission line reference books. Epri ac transmission line reference book 200 kv and above, third edition. A stockbridge damper is a tuned mass damper used to suppress windinduced vibrations on slender structures such as overhead power lines. Mechanics of overhead electrical conductors under wind excitation is a complex problem. Wind induced conductor motion, the orange book, which was last issued in 1979.
Based on laboratory measurements, the technique is easy to use and keeps test execution time to a minimum. He is also coauthor of the epri transmission line reference book wind induced conductor motion. Effect of motion path of downburst on wind induced. Simplified vibration model and analysis of a singleconductor. The orange book reworked by an international team of experts, this new edition provides an essential. Windinduced conductor motion orange book, epri, palo alto. Rainfall cause the formation of the droplets on the conductor, and the droplets take a cone shape by electric field. Sagtension calculation methods for overhead lines, cigre brochure 324, task force b2. Of all the wind induced motions of overhead transmission line conductors or other suspended cables, galloping is the. The wind induced response analysis of the nonfully symmetric geiger cable dome is carried out by newmark method.
Vibration damages cause fatigue failures of aluminum strands at splices, clamps, and dampers. Epri transmission line reference bookwindinduced conductor motion. Google scholar gasic, v, zrnic, n, obradovic, a 2011 consideration of moving oscillator problem in dynamic responses of bridge cranes. It has been estimated that as high as 10% of the electrical energy generated, transmitted, and distributed could be lost in some line conductor. Epri transmission line reference book wind induced conductor motion. The book has been reworked by an international team of experts to provide. Three main groups may be distinguished, so far as vibration. Failure analysis of aluminum wires in all aluminum alloy. Wind and environmental effects on overhead high voltage transmission lines a. Based on a revised analytical model recently developed for stationary downburst and harmonic superposition method, transient threedimensional wind fields of downbursts were successfully simulated.
Sweep technique to measure the relative performance of. Maintenance can be required at any time during the life of a transmission line conductor. Yellow book overhead transmission inspection and assessment guidelines. By john chan, dave havard, chuck rawlins, giorgio diana, louis cloutier, jeanlouis lilien, claude hardy, jeff wang and anand goel. Effect of ice and snow on the dynamics oftransmission line. The study is mainly discussed as in terms of the effects of the coupling motion between a steel tower and conductors.
A computational fluid dynamics cfd model considering trackborne energy transducer is constructed and simulated. One of the major challenges faced by electric utilities and. To reveal the mechanism of rain wind induced vibration of bundled conductors, a series of. Experiments are performed to determine the equivalent viscous damping of the damper. For estimating the vortex excited vibrations of overhead transmission lines, the energy balance principle ebp is well established for spans damped near the ends. Aeolian vibration basics october 20 part of a series of reference reports prepared by. Reworked by an international team of experts, this new edition.
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